Homers Iliad Essay -- Art Tool of Warfare Papers

kors Iliad The Iliad is an epic of death. It is a tale of conflict, batle, agony, and horific mutilation. Honor and glory are atained through warfare. The great protection of Achiles stands discover in this context because it depicts the glories of an orderly, functioning, productive civilization. This depiction of life stands in stark contrast to the scenes of death that constitute a large portion of the narative. An enquiry of the harbour of Achiles in Homers Iliad reveals many ideas in conflict love and honor, the pleasures of life versus a heroic death, free wil and destiny. By viewing the guard as an element of contradistinctionthat is to define it on the basis of contrastone can se that the shield symbolicaly unifies the entire poem. Achiles shield is the mechanism through which the poet presents a shaft of warfare as a reflection of civilization researchs the concept, structure, and nature of the universe and examines the role of art in society.I. A Reflection of C ivlization on a pricking of Warfare In the epic tradtion, the arming of wariors for batle holds particular significance. The description of a wariors armor tels much close the individual character of the warior and about the set of the society of which he is part. The Iliad contains many such arming scenes which take the simple description of armor and transform it into a more expansive and iluminating characterization of antediluvian Greek mentality. When compared with one another, these descriptions of armor reveal some basic distinctions that make the shield of Achiles of utmost importance. As noted by Atchity in Homers Iliad The screen of Memory, the armor of Paris is described in book thre in a conventional and most undistinguishe... ...ch contradictions. Art is the medium through which reality explore lifes great questions and test its boundaries. Armed with the belief that ordered civlization wil prevail, the artistpoet, metalworker, painter, actoris fre to enter into the batle of ideals.Works CitedAtchity, Kenneth John. Homers Iliad The Shield of Memory. Carbondale, IL Southern Ilinois Univ., 1978.Becker, Andrew Sprague. The Shield of Achiles and the Poetics of Ekphrasis. Lanham, MD Rowman & Litlefield, 1995.Duethorn, Guenter A. Achiles Shield and the Structure of the Iliad. Amherst, MA Amherst Colege, 1962.Edwards, Mark W. The Iliad A Commentary. Vol. V books 1720. G.S. Kirk gen. ed. Cambridge, MA 1995.Homer. The Iliad. Trans. Richmond Latimore. Chicago Univ. of Chicago, 1961. Keats, John. Ode to a classical Urn. 4 Oct. 2003 htp//www.poets.org/poems/. Homers Iliad Essay -- Art Tool of Warfare PapersHomers Iliad The Iliad is an epic of death. It is a tale of conflict, batle, agony, and horific mutilation. Honor and glory are atained through warfare. The great shield of Achiles stands out in this context because it depicts the glories of an orderly, functioning, productive civilization. This depiction of life s tands in stark contrast to the scenes of death that constitute a large portion of the narative. An examination of the shield of Achiles in Homers Iliad reveals many ideas in conflict love and honor, the pleasures of life versus a heroic death, free wil and destiny. By viewing the shield as an element of contradistinctionthat is to define it on the basis of contrastone can se that the shield symbolicaly unifies the entire poem. Achiles shield is the mechanism through which the poet presents a tool of warfare as a reflection of civilization explores the concept, structure, and nature of the universe and examines the role of art in society.I. A Reflection of Civlization on a Tool of Warfare In the epic tradtion, the arming of wariors for batle holds particular significance. The description of a wariors armor tels much about the individual character of the warior and about the values of the society of which he is part. The Iliad contains many such arming scenes which take the simple description of armor and transform it into a more expansive and iluminating portrait of ancient Greek mentality. When compared with one another, these descriptions of armor reveal some basic distinctions that make the shield of Achiles of utmost importance. As noted by Atchity in Homers Iliad The Shield of Memory, the armor of Paris is described in book thre in a conventional and most undistinguishe... ...ch contradictions. Art is the medium through which humans explore lifes great questions and test its boundaries. Armed with the belief that ordered civlization wil prevail, the artistpoet, metalworker, painter, actoris fre to enter into the batle of ideals.Works CitedAtchity, Kenneth John. Homers Iliad The Shield of Memory. Carbondale, IL Southern Ilinois Univ., 1978.Becker, Andrew Sprague. The Shield of Achiles and the Poetics of Ekphrasis. Lanham, MD Rowman & Litlefield, 1995.Duethorn, Guenter A. Achiles Shield and the Structure of the Iliad. Amherst, MA Amherst Colege , 1962.Edwards, Mark W. The Iliad A Commentary. Vol. V books 1720. G.S. Kirk gen. ed. Cambridge, MA 1995.Homer. The Iliad. Trans. Richmond Latimore. Chicago Univ. of Chicago, 1961. Keats, John. Ode to a Grecian Urn. 4 Oct. 2003 htp//www.poets.org/poems/.

Angina: Diagnosis and Treatment Options :: Health Medicine

Angina Diagnosis and Treatment Options Angina refers to the pain arising from lack of adapted blood supply tothe heart muscle. Typically, it is a crushing pain behind the breastbonein the center of the chest, brought on by exertion and relieved by rest. Itmay at times radiate to or arise in the left arm, neck, jaw, left chest, orback. It is frequently accompanied by sweating, palpitations of the heart,and generally lasts a matter of minutes. Similar pain syndromes may becaused by opposite diseases, including esophagitis, gall bladder disease,ulcers, and others. Diagnosis of angina begins with the recognition of the consistentsymptoms. Often an figure out test with radioactive thallium is performed ifthe diagnosis is in question, and sometimes even a cardiac catheterizationis done if the outcome is felt necessary to make concern decisions. Thisis a complex area which requires careful judgment by physician and patient. Angina is a manifestation of coronary artery disease , the same disease steer to heart attacks. Coronary artery diseas refers to those syndromescaused by blockage to the flow of blood in those arteries supplying theheart muscle itself, i.e., the coronary arteries. Like any other organ, theheart requires a steady flow of oxygen and nutrients to provide energy forrmovement, and to maintain the delicate balance of chemicals which allowfor the careful electrical rhythm chair of the heart beat. Unlike someother organs, the heart can save only a matter of minutes without thesenutrients, and the rest of the body can survive only minutes without theheart--thus the critical nature of these syndromes. Causes of blockage range from congenital tissue strands within or overthe arteries to spasms of the muscular coat of the arteries themselves. By farther the most common cause, however, is the deposition of plaques ofcholesterol, platelets and other substances within the arterial walls.Sometimes the buildup is very gradual, but in other case s the buildup issuddenly increased as a chunk of matter breaks off and suddenly blocks thealready narrowed opening. Certain factors seem to favor the buildup of these plaques. A strongfamily history of heart attacks is a decisive risk factor, reflecting somemetabolic derangement in either cholesterol handling or some other factor.Being male, for reasons probably related to the protective effects of somefemale hormones, is also a relative risk. Cigarette smoking and high bloodpressure are definite risks, both two-sided in most cases.

Superiority of Computers to Books :: Technology

Half a century ago, people delectationd books for everything related to education. In fact, the humans best source of fellowship and education was the book. If you wanted to look up a recipe, you opened a book. If you wanted to learn how to fix the radio on your car you opened a book called the manual. If you wanted to manage Black beards real name you will have to visit the library and go through hundreds of encyclopaedia pages before decision what you wanted. Now in the 21st century, all you need is a computer with an Internet connection and the whole world is on the dot a click away. soft the computer has re directd the book in almost every way.Computers are much better than books because a modern computer poop hold a gazillion times more information than the average 500-page book. If you wanted to do research about Martin Luther King Jr. It would take you at least an hour just to find the right book. Where as using a computer, you can find the same information in less t han 5 minutes. Many people use the internet as a dictionary. finding definitions, this way only takes the time to type the word. A laptop computer equal to the size and weight of a book holds data about any topic you can think of. A book only covers a specific topic. A computer can hold much more types of data than a book. When you carry one computer, you are carrying a hundred thousand books.In her essay, Proulx mentions an airplane is the best place to read a book and asks, ?What are planes but giant flying reading rooms Many people use their laptops or the on mount up entertainment system on a plane rather than reading a book. But, from my experience all I seen on planes is people sleeping, people watch movies and people working on their computers. I have only seen one person reading a book- a 90-year-old who probably doesn?t know what computers are. Proulx to a fault says we can judge what the person is like and their interests by looking at their books. We can only judge a pe rson up to some fulfilment when we look at their books. If we look at their software and files, we can see what they are interested in, and what kind of job they are doing, you can even know the type of music the

Miles Davis and the Evolution of Jazz Essay -- The Jazz Revolution

Who was Miles Davis and why was he such an important element in the music of whap? Miles Davis, as we would know him, was born Miles Dewey Davis in Alton, Illinois on the 25th of May 1926 to a middle-class black family.. A couple of years later, Miles went on to St. Louis where he grew up. Since he was a youngster, Miles hobby was to collect records and tender them over without getting tired of them. Since his family knew Miles was so interested in the music of his time, primarily Jazz, for his thirteenth birthday Miles received his first automobile horn, although he had been playing since the sequence of nine. With this Miles began to practice and play his trumpet along with his records. Who would have known that just three years later, at the age of 16, Miles was offered his first job with Billy Eckstines bar to replace their ill horn player. In this band that Miles was recruited into were two of Jazzs most famous players Dizzy Gillespie and Charlie Bird Parker. Nobody would h ave guessed that this would be the start of it all. This tenuous inexperienced child, who was picked up by chance, would re-invent Jazz like no one could imagineAfter successfully completing elevated school and playing for his high school band, Miles went on to New York to Julliard to study music. Although Miles was very involved and interested in his schoolwork, it turns out that he spent more time on 52nd track than in college. 52nd thoroughfare was the Jazz filled street in New York that included all the hip night clubs of the time. Meant for both white and black people, 52nd street was all closely Jazz and alcohol and it was the happenin place to be, especially if you wanted to be discovered as a Jazz musician. This all led to Miles falling out of school and playing with the big guys on 52nd street to be discovered. In no time Davis was playing regularly with Coleman Hawkins and Charlie Parker. At this time Miles, 19, move up in the history of Jazz by recording his first album in New York along side of Hawkins, Rubberlegs Williams, and of course Parker. A hardly a(prenominal) months after Parker and Gillespie went to California, Miles got together with Benny Carters Orchestra and traveled all the way to California as well. Again, while in California, Parker asked Miles to record another album and as a result Bird decided to form a quintet with Miles as a key member. All of this without d... ...ongside Miles. This last tune Called Oleo, had a quick beat and the trumpet sounds were amazing, but towards the middle-end of the song I began to wander off. This was probably because I still stick to the first two song which I enjoyed greatly. One thing about this particular song though, was the end. What an endIn conclusion to this whole research paper, I can say that I have learned a galvanic pile and heard a lot, most of which I have enjoyed. Miles was definitely a milestone in the evolution of Jazz and although he is no longer with us, he left an unto uchable mark in music and music lovers of all sorts of music, this mainly due to the taste of all the sounds he invented, reinvented, and mixed throughout his geezerhood in the business. Miles Davis will truly be remembered and missed.Works Citedhttp//www.nettally.com/dbird/MDBio.htmhttp//www.cdnow.com/cgi-bin/mserver/SID=1525020349/pagename=/R.../select=biographhttp//downbeatjazz.tunes.com/sections/artists/text/bio.asp?from=fans&id1=2357http//www.aramagic.com/lounge/music/miles_davis/mdbio.htmlGrolier Encyclopedia (CD ROM), 1993Miles DavisThe 70s Jazz RevivalThe Jazz Revolution Cool

Gender Studies :: essays research papers

Gender StudiesMy decision to take the extracts from literary discourse to illustrate the differences between the male and distaff manner of writing was dictated by the fact that it is more interesting to search for such differences in this very discourse, then in scientific or newspaper, where there are strict rules of how to write (non-personal narration, non-emotiveness, usance of terms laconic phrases, etc.)In literary discourse hotshot may write whatever one wishes.(Jane Austen. Pride Prejudice)After a week spent in professions of love and schemes of felicity, Mr Collins was called from his amiable Charlotte by the arrival of Saturday. The pain of separation, might be amend on his side, by preparations for the reception of his bride as he had reason to hope, that shortly after his next return into the Hertfordshire, the day would be fixed that was to make him the happiest of men. He took leave of his relations at Longbourn with as much solemnity as before wished his fair cou sins health and happiness again, and promised their father another letter for thanks.(F. Scott Fitzgelald. nettlesome is the Night)Rosemary had another dinner date, a birthday party for a member of the company. Dick ran into a Collis Clay in the lobby, but he precious to dine alone and pretended an engagement at the Excelsior. He drank a cocktail with Collis and his vague dissatisfaction crystallized as impatience he no longer had an prune for playing truant to the clinic. This was less an infatuation than a romantic memory. Nicole was his girl too often he was sick at heart about her, provided she was his girl. Time with Rosemary was self-indulgence time with Collis was nothing plus nothing.Already from the structure of the passage it is visible which passage was written by a char and which by a man. Austen writes the events without any consequence, together with her thoughts and comments, whereas Fitzgerald, by contrast, enumerates the events in strict consecutive order. In addition, Austen uses more emotional and subjective adjectives to describe people and their state.It was counted that the feminine author uses verbs almost half less then the male author does (713).In the domain of punctuation, the gender differences are the most conspicuous Jane Austen tends to the idiosyncratic usage of semi-columns she does not use dashes in the given passage, whereas F. Scott Fitzgelald uses three dashes (as the indicator of reason-result understanding of events &1645he prefers to explain the human behavior using a dash) and not a single semi-column.

Gender Studies :: essays research papers

Gender StudiesMy decision to take the extracts from literary discourse to illustrate the differences betwixt the male and female manner of writing was dictated by the fact that it is more interesting to search for such differences in this very discourse, then in scientific or newspaper, where there are strict rules of how to keep open (non-personal narration, non-emotiveness, usage of terms laconic phrases, etc.)In literary discourse one may write whatever one wishes.(Jane Austen. Pride Prejudice)After a week spent in professions of love and schemes of felicity, Mr Collins was called from his amiable Charlotte by the arrival of Saturday. The pain of separation, energy be alleviated on his side, by preparations for the reception of his bride as he had reason to hope, that shortly after his next return into the Hertfordshire, the day would be set that was to make him the happiest of men. He took leave of his relations at Longbourn with as much solemnity as before wished his fair co usins health and happiness again, and promised their father another(prenominal) letter for thanks.(F. Scott Fitzgelald. Tender is the Night)Rosemary had another dinner date, a birthday party for a member of the company. Dick ran into a Collis Clay in the lobby, nevertheless he wanted to dine alone and pretended an engagement at the Excelsior. He drank a cocktail with Collis and his vague dissatisfaction crystallized as impatience he no longer had an excuse for playing truant to the clinic. This was less an infatuation than a romantic memory. Nicole was his girl too often he was sick at cheek about her, yet she was his girl. Time with Rosemary was self-indulgence time with Collis was nothing plus nothing.Already from the structure of the passage it is visible which passage was written by a woman and which by a man. Austen writes the events without any consequence, together with her thoughts and comments, whereas Fitzgerald, by contrast, enumerates the events in strict consecutiv e order. In addition, Austen uses more emotional and subjective adjectives to refer people and their state.It was counted that the female author uses verbs almost half less then the male author does (713).In the domain of punctuation, the gender differences are the most glaring Jane Austen tends to the idiosyncratic usage of semi-columns she does not use dashes in the given passage, whereas F. Scott Fitzgelald uses three dashes (as the indicator of reason-result understanding of events &1645he prefers to explain the human behavior using a dash) and not a single semi-column.

Media’s Portraits of Guns and Violence Essay

Discuss the connection between the portrayal of guns, violence, and victims and the crime-fighting policies that are implied in these portrayals. What criminal justice policies are encouraged by the above portraits and which ones are discouraged? The media distorts the publics view of violence, guns, and victims, and helps shape the criminal justice policies by doing so. Their portrayal of guns, violence, and victims is of law enforcement or private citizens fighting a constant war against crime, usually with an overabundance of violence from both the perpetrators and the crime fighters. One use of the violence that the media shows is how many of the crimes committed have guns involved. The media makes it seem like it is easy to get a gun, that all criminals have one, and that all citizens need one for protection. Whoever has the biggest gun wins. Then they show the crime fighter coming after the criminal very aggressively, and they violently battle it out.The more the media sensat ionalizes gun violence, and keeps it fresh in the attestors minds, the more the public will believe it is the biggest problem in crime control, whether it is true or not, and public opinion will lead to many debates over the issue of gun control, and other policies that could lessen violence. These media portrayals make it seem ok for private citizens to take the law into their own hands, even violently, as farseeing as they stop the bad guy. A current media example of this is the television show Arrow. The Arrow would be a rogue, although he was neer a cop. Criminal Justice policies that discourage these media portraits are gun buy-back programs stricter gun laws, and harsher sentencing for those caught with unlawful guns.

Inspirational Speech

LETS win IT BETTER LONDON UNDERGROUND TRANSPORT FOR LONDON 21ST OF OCTOBER 2010. Dear All My Colleagues Lon arrogate underground started its move in 1863 and since then it has been Londoners one of the almost dependable transportation system. You argon the people who hold open it alive and running. With your continuous effort and hard work we are giving our exceed service to our customers. You every(prenominal) deserve a big thank you for all your dedication towards making underground better. Our journey is not unendingly easy. We have to been through many ups and downs. I am still scared thinking about 7/7 incident.We had a big blow that daytime entirely we have managed very substantially to be on track. We tried our best to run our trains as soon as possible after the barrage incident. I still feel grimy for all who have been died or affected on that day and hope we will never have to plaque this kind of things again. Man is not do for defeat. A man can be destroyed, but not defeated. i We will not be defeated we dont know how to lose. Its our saintly duty to make sure all Londoners can travel safety and comfort. We will take LU to a high standard that can be example for the other world.Our vision is to deliver a world-class Underground for a world-class city. This is a veridical goal, and we have made great strides, but there are still challenges to overcome before our readation of the Tube is complete. ii Recently we have some round disagreement and Londoners have faces two full-strength tubes strike this and last month. It has affected London very badly and costs at least ? 50 million pounds and disrupts millions of journeys. iii Our strategy is to combine a tested train service with the highest standards of customer care something we take from our heritage.So if there is any kind of disagreement it should be puzzle out in table not by stopping Londoners life. Because all the member of public pay to travel and also billions of pounds of tax payers money into it. Our challenge is to keep London moving while we transform the Tube. To overcome the legacy of under-investment, we have embarked on a massive investment programme to deliver the extra energy needed to keep pace with ascending demand. The level of renewal and refurbishment work is on a scale unseen for more than 60 years.It presents a major challenge maintaining the service during the biggest build programme the Underground has ever seen. So we really need your motivation and inspiration to make LU better. Without your commit our all investment and planning would go into ruin. I believe with your help and support London Underground will be peoples best choice for transportation and will bring into being an excellence. Thank You HR Personnel London Underground. i Ernest Hemingway ii TFL. GOV. UK iii The Daily TelegraphInspirational SpeechLETS MAKE IT BETTER LONDON UNDERGROUND TRANSPORT FOR LONDON 21ST OF OCTOBER 2010. Dear All My Colleagues London u nderground started its journey in 1863 and since then it has been Londoners one of the most dependable transportation system. You are the people who keep it alive and running. With your continuous effort and hard work we are giving our best service to our customers. You all deserve a big thank you for all your dedication towards making underground better. Our journey is not always easy. We have to been through many ups and downs. I am still scared thinking about 7/7 incident.We had a big blow that day but we have managed very well to be on track. We tried our best to run our trains as soon as possible after the bombing incident. I still feel sorry for all who have been died or affected on that day and hope we will never have to face this kind of things again. Man is not made for defeat. A man can be destroyed, but not defeated. i We will not be defeated we dont know how to lose. Its our holy duty to make sure all Londoners can travel safety and comfort. We will take LU to a high sta ndard that can be example for the other world.Our vision is to deliver a world-class Underground for a world-class city. This is a realistic goal, and we have made great strides, but there are still challenges to overcome before our transformation of the Tube is complete. ii Recently we have some staff disagreement and Londoners have faces two consecutive tubes strike this and last month. It has affected London very badly and costs at least ? 50 million pounds and disrupts millions of journeys. iii Our strategy is to combine a reliable train service with the highest standards of customer care something we take from our heritage.So if there is any kind of disagreement it should be solved in table not by stopping Londoners life. Because all the member of public pay to travel and also billions of pounds of tax payers money into it. Our challenge is to keep London moving while we transform the Tube. To overcome the legacy of under-investment, we have embarked on a massive investment pr ogramme to deliver the extra capacity needed to keep pace with rising demand. The level of renewal and refurbishment work is on a scale unseen for more than 60 years.It presents a major challenge maintaining the service during the biggest rebuilding programme the Underground has ever seen. So we really need your motivation and inspiration to make LU better. Without your afford our all investment and planning would go into ruin. I believe with your help and support London Underground will be peoples best choice for transportation and will create an excellence. Thank You HR Personnel London Underground. i Ernest Hemingway ii TFL. GOV. UK iii The Daily Telegraph

The Da Vinci Code Chapter 18-20

CHAPTER 18Fache sprinted down the Grand movement as Collets radio blared over the distant sound of the alarm.He terpsichoreed Collet was yelling. Im showing the signal out on Place du luggage carrousel Outside the bathroom window And its not despicable at whole Jesus, I think Langdon has well(p) committed suicideFache heard the manner of speaking, merely they made no sense. He kept running. The star signway seemed never-ending. As he sprinted past Saunieres body, he restrain his sights on the partitions at the farthermost end of the Denon Wing. The alarm was getting louder now.Wait Collets voice blared again over the radio. Hes moving My God, hes alive. Langdons movingFache kept running, cursing the length of the hallway with every step.Langdons moving faster Collet was still yelling on the radio. Hes running down Carrousel. Wait hes picking up speed. Hes moving too fastArriving at the partitions, Fache snaked his way through them, saw the succour room door, and ran for it.The walkie-talkie was forfendely perceptible now over the alarm. He moldiness be in a car I think hes in a car I cant Collets words were swallowed by the alarm as Fache last burst into the mens room with his gun drawn. Wincing against the piercing shrill, he scanned the area.The stalls were empty. The bathroom deserted. Faches eyes moved immediately to the shattered window at the far end of the room. He ran to the opening and looked over the shore. Langdon was nowhere to be seen. Fache could not imagine whatsoeverone risking a stunt like this. Certainly if he had dropped that far, he would be badly injured.The alarm cut off finally, and Collets voice became audible again over the walkie-talkie. moving south faster crossing the Seine on Pont du Carrousel Fache turned to his left. The provided vehicle on Pont du Carrousel was an enormous twin-bed Trailor delivery truck moving southward away from the Louvre. The trucks open-air bed was covered with a vinyl tarp, roughly rese mbling a giant hammock. Fache felt a shiver of apprehension. That truck, only when moments ago, had probably been stopped at a red light straightaway on a lower floor the rest room window.An insane risk, Fache told himself. Langdon had no way of knowing what the truck was carrying infra that tarp. What if the truck were carrying steel? Or cement? Or flat garbage? A forty-foot leap? It was madness.The dot is turning Collet called. Hes turning ripe(p) on Pont des Saints-PeresSure enough, the Trailor truck that had crossed the bridge was slow up down and making a right turn onto Pont des Saints-Peres. So be it, Fache opinion. Amazed, he watched the truck disappear around the corner. Collet was already radioing the agents outside, clout them off the Louvre perimeter and sending them to their patrol cars in pursuit, all the while broadcasting the trucks changing location like some kind of droll play-by-play.Its over, Fache knew. His men would have the truck surrounded within min utes. Langdon was not going anywhere.Stowing his weapon, Fache exited the rest room and radioed Collet. Bring my car around. I want to be at that place when we make the arrest.As Fache jogged back down the length of the Grand purport, he wondered if Langdon had even survived the fall.not that it mattered.Langdon ran. Guilty as charged.Only fifteen yards from the rest room, Langdon and Sophie stood in the darkness of the Grand Gallery, their backs pressed to one of the large partitions that hid the bathrooms from the gallery. They had barely managed to hide themselves before Fache had darted past them, gun drawn, and disappeared into the bathroom.The last sixty seconds had been a blur.Langdon had been stand up(a) inside the mens room refusing to run from a crime he didnt commit, when Sophie began eyeing the plate-glass window and examining the alarm mesh running through it. whence she peered downward into the street, as if measuring the drop. With a little aim, you can get out of here, she said. Aim? Uneasy, he peered out the rest room window.Up the street, an enormous twin-bed eighteen-wheeler was headed for the stoplight beneath the window. Stretched across the trucks massive cargo bay was a blue vinyl tarp, loosely covering the trucks load. Langdon hoped Sophie was not thinking what she seemed to be thinking.Sophie, theres no way Im jump Take out the introduce dot. Bewildered, Langdon fumbled in his scoop until he found the tiny metallic disk. Sophie took it from him and strode immediately to the sink. She grabbed a thick bar of soap, placed the tracking dot on top of it, and used her thumb to push the disk down hard into the bar. As the disk sank into the soft surface, she pinched the hole closed, heavily embedding the device in the bar.Handing the bar to Langdon, Sophie retrieved a heavy, cylindrical trash can from under the sinks. Before Langdon could protest, Sophie ran at the window, holding the can before her like a battering ram. Driving the b ottom of the trash can into the center of the window, she shattered the glass.Alarms erupted overhead at earsplitting decibel levels.Give me the soap Sophie yelled, barely audible over the alarm. Langdon thrust the bar into her hand. Palming the soap, she peered out the shattered window at the eighteen-wheeler idling below. The target was plenty big an expansive, stationary tarp and it was less than cristal feet from the side of the make. As the traffic lights prepared to change, Sophie took a deep breath and lobbed the bar of soap out into the night.The soap plummeted downward toward the truck, landing on the edge of the tarp, and sliding downward into the cargo bay just as the traffic light turned green.Congratulations, Sophie said, dragging him toward the door. You just escaped from the Louvre.Fleeing the mens room, they moved into the shadows just as Fache rushed past.Now, with the fire alarm silenced, Langdon could hear the sounds of DCPJ sirens tearing away from the Louvre . A police exodus.Fache had hurried off as well, leaving the Grand Gallery deserted.Theres an emergency stairwell about fifty meters back into the Grand Gallery, Sophie said. Now that the guards are leaving the perimeter, we can get out of here.Langdon decided not to say other word all evening. Sophie Neveu was clearly a hell of a lot smarter than he was.CHAPTER 19The Church of Saint-Sulpice, it is said, has the most eccentric history of any building in capital of France. Built over the ruins of an ancient temple to the Egyptian goddess Isis, the perform possesses an architectural footprint matching that of Notre Dame to within inches. The sanctuary has played array to the baptisms of the Marquis de Sade and Baudelaire, as well as the marriage of Victor Hugo. The attached seminary has a well-documented history of unorthodoxy and was once the clandestine meeting hall for numerous cryptic societies.Tonight, the cavernous nave of Saint-Sulpice was as silent as a tomb, the only hin t of life the faint smell of incense from mass previous that evening. Silas sensed an uneasiness in sister Sandrines de averageor as she led him into the sanctuary. He was not affect by this. Silas was accustomed to people being uneasy with his appearance.Youre an American, she said.French by birth, Silas responded. I had my calling in Spain, and I now study in the United States.Sister Sandrine nodded. She was a small woman with relieve eyes. And you have never seen Saint- Sulpice?I realize this is almost a sin in itself. She is more scenic by day. I am certain. Nonetheless, I am grateful that you would provide me this opportunity tonight. The abbe requested it. You obviously have powerful friends. You have no idea, Silas thought.As he followed Sister Sandrine down the main aisle, Silas was surprised by the austerity of the sanctuary. Unlike Notre Dame with its colorful frescoes, gilded altar-work, and warm wood, Saint- Sulpice was stark and cold, conveying an almost barren qu ality reminiscent of the ascetic cathedrals of Spain. The omit of decor made the interior look even more expansive, and as Silasgazed up into the soaring ribbed vault of the ceiling, he imagined he was standing beneath the hull of an enormous overturned ship.A fitting image, he thought. The brotherhoods ship was about to be capsized forever. Feeling eager to get to work, Silas wished Sister Sandrine would leave him. She was a small woman whom Silas could incapacitate easily, but he had vowed not to use force unless absolutely necessary. She is a woman of the cloth, and it is not her fault the brotherhood chose her church as a hiding place for their keystone.She should not be punished for the sins of others.I am embarrassed, Sister, that you were awoken on my behalf.Not at all. You are in Paris a short time. You should not miss Saint-Sulpice. Are your interests in the church more architectural or historical?Actually, Sister, my interests are spiritual.She gave a pleasant laugh. That goes without saying. I simply wondered where to begin your tour.Silas felt his eyes focus on the altar. A tour is unnecessary. You have been more than kind. I can show myself around.It is no trouble, she said. afterward all, I am awake.Silas stopped base on balls. They had reached the front pew now, and the altar was only fifteen yards away. He turned his massive body fully toward the small woman, and he could sense her recoil as she gazed up into his red eyes. If it does not seem too rude, Sister, I am not accustomed to simply walking into a house of God and taking a tour. Would you mind if I took some time alone to pray before I look around?Sister Sandrine hesitated. Oh, of course. I shall wait in the rear of the church for you.Silas put a soft but heavy hand on her shoulder and peered down. Sister, I feel guilty already for having awoken you. To ask you to stay awake is too much. Please, you should return to bed. I can enjoy your sanctuary and then let myself out.She looked un easy. Are you real you wont feel abandoned? Not at all. Prayer is a solitary joy. As you wish. Silas took his hand from her shoulder. Sleep well, Sister. May the peace of the Lord be with you. And overly with you. Sister Sandrine headed for the stairs. Please be sure the door closes tightly on your way out.I will be sure of it. Silas watched her climb out of sight. Then he turned and knelt in the front pew, feeling the cilice cut into his leg.Dear God, I offer up to you this work I do today .Crouching in the shadows of the choir balcony high above the altar, Sister Sandrine peered silently through the balustrade at the cloaked monk kneeling alone. The sudden dread in her thought made it hard to stay still. For a fleeting instant, she wondered if this mysterious visitor could be the enemy they had warned her about, and if tonight she would have to carry out the orders she had been holding all these years. She decided to stay there in the darkness and watch his every move.CHAPTER 2 0Emerging from the shadows, Langdon and Sophie moved stealthily up the deserted Grand Gallery corridor toward the emergency exit stairwell.As he moved, Langdon felt like he was trying to assemble a jigsaw puzzle in the dark. The newest aspect of this mystery was a deeply troubling one The captain of the Judicial Police is trying to frame me for murderDo you think, he whispered, that maybe Fache wrote that mental object on the floor? Sophie didnt even turn. Impossible. Langdon wasnt so sure. He seems pretty intent on making me look guilty. Maybe he thought compose my name on the floor would help his case?The Fibonacci sequence? The P. S. ? All the Da Vinci and goddess symbolic representation? That had to be my grandfather.Langdon knew she was right. The symbolism of the clues meshed too perfectly the pentagram, TheVitruvian bit, Da Vinci, the goddess, and even the Fibonacci sequence. A coherent symbolic set, as iconographers would call it. All i succeeding(prenominal)ricably t ied.And his phone call to me this afternoon, Sophie added. He said he had to utter me something. Im certain his message at the Louvre was his final effort to tell me something important, something he thought you could help me understand.Langdon frowned. O, Draconian devil Oh, infirm saint He wished he could comprehend the message, two for Sophies well-being and for his own. Things had definitely gotten worse since he first laid eyes on the cryptic words. His fake leap out the bathroom window was not going to help Langdons popularity with Fache one bit. Somehow he doubted the captain of the French police would see the humor in chasing down and arresting a bar of soap. The doorway isnt much farther, Sophie said. Do you think theres a possibility that the computes in your grandfathers message hold the key to understanding the other lines? Langdon had once worked on a series of Baconian manuscripts that contained epigraphical ciphers in which certain lines of code were clues as to h ow to describe the other lines.Ive been thinking about the outcomes all night. Sums, quotients, products. I dont see anything. Mathematically, theyre arrange at random. Cryptographic gibberish.And yet theyre all part of the Fibonacci sequence. That cant be coincidence.Its not. Using Fibonacci numbers was my grandfathers way of waving another flag at me like writing the message in English, or arranging himself like my favorite piece of art, or drawing a pentacle on himself. All of it was to catch my attention.The pentacle has meaning to you?Yes. I didnt get a chance to tell you, but the pentacle was a special symbol between my grandfather and me when I was suppuration up. We used to play Tarot cards for fun, and my indicator card always turned out to be from the suit of pentacles. Im sure he stacked the coldcock, but pentacles got to be our little joke. Langdon felt a chill. They played Tarot? The medieval Italian card game was so replete with hidden heretical symbolism that La ngdon had dedicated an entire chapter in his new manuscript to the Tarot. The games twenty-two cards bore names like The Fe antheral Pope, The Empress, and The Star.Originally, Tarot had been devised as a secret means to pass along ideologies banned by the Church. Now, Tarots surreptitious qualities were passed on by modern fortune-tellers.The Tarot indicator suit for feminine divinity is pentacles, Langdon thought, realizing that if Sauniere had been stacking his granddaughters deck for fun, pentacles was an apropos inside joke.They arrived at the emergency stairwell, and Sophie carefully pulled open the door. No alarm sounded. Only the doors to the outside were wired. Sophie led Langdon down a tight set of switchback stairs toward the ground level, picking up speed as they went.Your grandfather, Langdon said, hurrying behind her, when he told you about the pentacle, did he mention goddess worship or any resentment of the Catholic Church?Sophie shook her head. I was more intereste d in the mathematics of it the manufacturing business Proportion, PHI, Fibonacci sequences, that sort of thing.Langdon was surprised. Your grandfather taught you about the number PHI?Of course. The ecclesiastic Proportion. Her expression turned sheepish. In fact, he used to joke that I was half divine you know, because of the letters in my name. Langdon considered it a moment and then groaned.s-o-PHI-e. inactive descending, Langdon refocused on PHI.He was starting to realize that Saunieres clues were even more consistent than he had first imagined.Da Vinci Fibonacci numbers the pentacle.Incredibly, all of these things were connected by a integrity concept so fundamental to art history that Langdon often spent several contour periods on the topic.PHI.He felt himself suddenly reeling back to Harvard, standing in front of his Symbolism in Art class, writing his favorite number on the chalkboard.1. 618Langdon turned to face his sea of eager students. Who can tell me what this number is?A long-legged math major in back raised his hand. Thats the number PHI. He pronounced it fee.Nice job, Stettner, Langdon said. Everyone, meet PHI.Not to be confused with PI, Stettner added, grinning. As we mathematicians like to say PHI is one H of a lot cooler than PILangdon laughed, but nobody else seemed to get the joke. Stettner slumped. This number PHI, Langdon continued, one-point-six-one-eight, is a very important number in art. Who can tell me why?Stettner tried to redeem himself. Because its so pretty? Everyone laughed. Actually, Langdon said, Stettners right again. PHI is generally considered the most beautiful number in the universe.The laughter abruptly stopped, and Stettner gloated.As Langdon loaded his slide projector, he explained that the number PHI was derived from the Fibonacci sequence a progression famous not only because the sum of adjacent terms existed the next term, but because the quotients of adjacent terms have the astonishing property of approachin g the number 1. 618 PHIDespite PHIs seemingly mystical mathematical origins, Langdon explained, the truly mind-boggling aspect of PHI was its role as a fundamental building block in nature. Plants, animals, and even human beings all possessed dimensional properties that adhered with eerie exactitude to the ratio of PHI to 1.PHIs ubiquity in nature, Langdon said, killing the lights, clearly exceeds coincidence, and so the ancients assumed the number PHI must have been preordained by the causation of the universe. Early scientists heralded one-point-six-one-eight as the godlike Proportion.Hold on, said a young woman in the front row. Im a bio major and Ive never seen this prophesy Proportion in nature.No? Langdon grinned. Ever study the relationship between females and males in a honeybee community?Sure. The female bees always outnumber the male bees.Correct. And did you know that if you divide the number of female bees by the number of male bees in any beehive in the world, you a lways get the same number?You do? Yup. PHI. The girl gaped. NO WAYWay Langdon fired back, smiling as he projected a slide of a spiral seashell. get along this?Its a nautilus, the bio major said. A cephalopod mollusk that pumps gas into its chambered shell to adjust its buoyancy.Correct. And can you guess what the ratio is of each spirals diameter to the next? The girl looked uncertain as she eyed the concentric arcs of the nautilus spiral. Langdon nodded. PHI. The Divine Proportion. One-point-six-one-eight to one. The girl looked amazed.Langdon advanced to the next slide a close-up of a sunflowers seed head. helianthus seeds grow in opposing spirals. Can you guess the ratio of each rotations diameter to the next? PHI? everyone said. Bingo. Langdon began racing through slides now spiraled pinecone petals, leaf arrangement on plant stalks, insect segmentation all displaying astonishing obedience to the Divine Proportion.This is amazing someone cried out.Yeah, someone else said, b ut what does it have to do with art?Aha Langdon said. blissful you asked. He pulled up another slide a pale yellow parchment displaying Leonardo Da Vincis famous male nude The Vitruvian Man named for Marcus Vitruvius, the magnificent Roman architect who praised the Divine Proportion in his text De Architectura.Nobody understood wagerer than Da Vinci the divine structure of the human body. Da Vinci actually exhumed corpses to measure the exact proportions of human bone structure. He was the first to show that the human body is literally made of building blocks whose proportional ratios always equal PHI.Everyone in class gave him a dubious look.Dont believe me? Langdon challenged. Next time youre in the shower, take a tape measure.A couple of football players snickered.Not just you insecure jocks, Langdon prompted. All of you. Guys and girls. Try it. Measure the distance from the tip of your head to the floor. Then divide that by the distance from your bellybutton to the floor. Guess what number you get.Not PHI one of the jocks blurted out in disbelief.Yes, PHI, Langdon replied. One-point-six-one-eight. Want another example? Measure the distance from your shoulder to your fingertips, and then divide it by the distance from your human elbow to your fingertips. PHI again. Another? Hip to floor divided by knee to floor. PHI again. Finger joints. Toes. Spinal divisions. PHI. PHI. PHI. My friends, each of you is a walking tribute to the Divine Proportion.Even in the darkness, Langdon could see they were all astounded. He felt a familiar warmth inside. This is why he taught. My friends, as you can see, the chaos of the world has an underlying order. When the ancients spy PHI, they were certain they had stumbled across Gods building block for the world, and they worshipped Nature because of that. And one can understand why. Gods hand is evident in Nature, and even to this day there exist pagan, Mother Earth-revering religions. Many of us celebrate nature the wa y the pagans did, and dont even know it. May Day is a perfect example, the celebration of bounds the earth coming back to life to produce her bounty. The mysterious magic inherent in the Divine Proportion was written at the beginning of time. Man is simply playing by Natures rules, and because art is mans attempt to imitate the beauty of the Creators hand, you can imagine we exponent be seeing a lot of instances of the Divine Proportion in art this semester.Over the next half hour, Langdon showed them slides of artwork by Michelangelo, Albrecht Durer, Da Vinci, and many others, demonstrating each artists intentional and rigorous adherence to the Divine Proportion in the layout of his compositions. Langdon unveiled PHI in the architectural dimensions of the Greek Parthenon, the pyramids of Egypt, and even the United Nations Building in New York. PHI appeared in the organizational structures of Mozarts sonatas, Beethovens Fifth Symphony, as well as the works of Bartok, Debussy, and Schubert. The number PHI, Langdon told them, was even used by Stradivarius to calculate the exact placement of the f-holes in the construction of his famous violins.In closing, Langdon said, walking to the chalkboard, we return to symbols He drew five intersecting lines that formed a five-pointed star. This symbol is one of the most powerful images you will see this term. Formally cognise as a pentagram or pentacle, as the ancients called it this symbol is considered both divine and magical by many cultures. Can anyone tell me why that might be?Stettner, the math major, raised his hand. Because if you draw a pentagram, the lines automatically divide themselves into segments according to the Divine Proportion.Langdon gave the kid a proud nod. Nice job. Yes, the ratios of line segments in a pentacle allequal PHI, making this symbol the ultimate expression of the Divine Proportion. For this reason, the five-pointed star has always been the symbol for beauty and perfection associated with the goddess and the sacred feminine.The girls in class beamed.One note, folks. Weve only touched on Da Vinci today, but well be seeing a lot more of him this semester. Leonardo was a well-documented devotee of the ancient ways of the goddess. Tomorrow, Ill show you his fresco The Last Supper, which is one of the most astonishing tributes to the sacred feminine you will ever see.Youre kidding, right? somebody said. I thought The Last Supper was about Jesus Langdon winked. There are symbols hidden in places you would never imagine.Come on, Sophie whispered. Whats wrong? Were almost there. HurryLangdon glanced up, feeling himself return from faraway thoughts. He realized he was standing at a dead stop on the stairs, paralyzed by sudden revelation.O, Draconian devil Oh, lame saintSophie was looking back at him.It cant be that simple, Langdon thought. But he knew of course that it was. There in the bowels of the Louvre with images of PHI and Da Vinci swirling through his mind, Rob ert Langdon suddenly and perchance deciphered Saunieres code.O, Draconian devil he said. Oh, lame saint Its the simplest kind of codeSophie was stopped on the stairs below him, staring up in confusion. A code? She had been pondering the words all night and had not seen a code. Especially a simple one.You said it yourself. Langdons voice reverberated with excitement. Fibonacci numbers only have meaning in their proper order. Otherwise theyre mathematical gibberish.Sophie had no idea what he was talking about. The Fibonacci numbers? She was certain they had been intended as zipper more than a means to get the Cryptography Department involved tonight. They have another purpose? She plunged her hand into her pocket and pulled out the printout, studying her grandfathers message again.13-3-2-21-1-1-8-5O, Draconian devilOh, lame saintWhat about the numbers?The scrambled Fibonacci sequence is a clue, Langdon said, taking the printout. The numbers area hint as to how to decipher the rest o f the message. He wrote the sequence out of order to tell us to apply the same concept to the text. O, Draconian devil? Oh, lame saint? Those lines mean nothing.They are simply letters written out of order.Sophie needed only an instant to process Langdons implication, and it seemed laughably simple. You think this message is une anagramme? She stared at him. Like a word jumble from a newspaper?Langdon could see the skepticism on Sophies face and certainly understood. Few people realized that anagrams, despite being a trite modern amusement, had a rich history of sacred symbolism.The mystical teachings of the Kabbala drew heavily on anagrams rearranging the letters of Hebrew words to derive new meanings. French kings throughout the Renaissance were so convinced that anagrams held magic power that they appointed royal anagrammatists to help them make better decisions by analyzing words in important documents. The Romans actually referred to the study of anagrams as ars magna the gre at art.Langdon looked up at Sophie, locking eyes with her now. Your grandfathers meaning was right in front of us all along, and he left us more than enough clues to see it.Without another word, Langdon pulled a pen from his jacket pocket and rearranged the letters in each line.O, Draconian devil Oh, lame saint was a perfect anagram of Leonardo Da Vinci The Mona Lisa

Law and Environment Essay

According to this appeals court, what errors were do by the judge at trial?The judge has made a judicial error by allowing the Plaintiffs counsel to comment on the case about Minichiellos boss being a German with an attitude of hatred and made forced analogies to Nazi Germany and the Holocaust. The judge also allowed irrelevant testimony, which asserted that the Club discriminated against Latinos, Jews, and African-the Statesns, to the issue of discrimination based on sexual orientation. I agree that awarding $20,000,000 was grossly excessive and has no rational basis, and was an error by the judge as well.7.Would the police violate a suspects Fourth Amendment rights against unlawful search and seizure by secretly placing a GPS tracking device on the suspects auto for an extended time without first securing a warrant to do so? Explain. See, for example, United States of America v. Lawrence Maynard, 615 F.3d 544 (D.C. Cir. 2010) petition for rehearing en bane denied, United States o f America v. Antoine Jones, 625 F.3d 766 (D.C. Cir. 2010).The police would violate a suspects Fourth Amendment rights against unlawful search and seizure by secretly placing a GPS tracking device on the suspects car for an extended time without first securing a warrant to do so. They have violated his reasonable degree of privacy. Without having a warrant issued will give the ability to have anybody monitored whenever for whatever period of time invading privacy.

Analysis of the Poem the Red Hat Essay

Rachel Hadas poem The Red Hat is told from the viewpoint of the parents of a novel boy who begins to walk to indoctrinate by himself. The poem reveals the actions and emotions of the parents who struggle with allowing their boy to become more independent. However, this poem is not simply a story of a boy starting to walk to school on his own. The underlying theme is about a boy leaving the protection and safety of his parents to enter the world by himself. In the middle of the scratch line stanza the lines, these parallel paths part interrupt the flow of the poem.Here, at Straus Park, the boy must really separate from his parents. When Hadas write, The watchers heart stretches, elastic in its savor and apprehension, toward him as we see him disappear, striding briskly, she introduces the reader to one of the most significant parts of the poem. His parents, the watchers, extend their elastic hearts to their son out of love and fear as well. They look back two weeks, remembering when they held their sons hand as they walked to school. The parents will not let their son go on alone until they feel satisfied that he can handle the responsibility. Even though the son proves his capability of walking to school, the parents salve worry. When they finally let their son continue on his own, they worry about the potential dangers in the world. The parents will always worry, because their boy can never be completely safe.The author uses lifelike description to allow the reader to develop a mental picture of what takes place. The boy walks up the east side of West End, while his parents follow merchantman on the west side. An understanding between the boy and his parents permits extended glances across the street, but not eye contact. This unsaid agreement allows the parents the probability to look over at their son to check on him, and it gives the boy a chance to occasionally look back and know that his parents are still there for him. The remaining lines of th e poem follow in a sequential AA, BB rhyming pattern. When taken literally, this poem is merely a tale of a young boy learning to walk to school on his own and his parents concern over letting him go. In order for parents to let their child go false into the world, they must be sure that their child will look both ways before he crosses the street, and that he does not talk to strangers.

Antigone vs. Creon

In the tragedy of Antigone by Sophocles, Antigone, the main(prenominal) protagonist, is conflicted whether or non to bury her utterly br other and go against Creons equity or follow Creons law. Creon is the main antagonist in this bosh and punishes Antigone for breaking his law and burying Polynieces. though they ar two different characters, Creon and Antigone could both qualify as the sadal hero because they are both responsible for their own fate, enable with a tragic flaw and falls from high esteem.In the story, Antigone and Creon are responsible for their own fate, seeing as its their actions that cause them to be a tragic hero. Antigone knows close to Creons law non bury Polynieces, yet shed rather go against Creon than the Gods. She did what she thinks is correct but Creon is furious and sends her to a stone grave. Antigone knows what the consequences would be, her death is the doing of her own conscious drop dead (v. 46). She wouldnt be dead if she didnt bury Poly nieces and follow Creons law.She chooses to go against him and that seals her fate. Creon, on the other hand, hooses to be stubborn and punish Antigone for breaking his crime. He couldnt bear to seem lame to the citizens of Thebes. It was Antigones punishment, if she lives or dies/Thats her encounter (v. 55-56). Even if it means sending his own, soon to be daughter in law, to her death. Creon allow his pride control his actions and that causes him to lose his wife and his pass away son. Both, Antigone and Creon could avoid their tragic endings but their flaws cause their ultimate downfall.The tragic flaw endowed in both these characters is pride, one refusing to admit what she did was wrong and other refusing to take heed to others. Antigone not scarce goes against Creons law but she boasts about it. She refuses to admit she is wrong, saying that Creons law is not Gods proclamation. That final Justice/ That rules the world below makes no much(prenominal) laws 57-58). She sta nds for what she believes in and that makes Creon angry. though Antigone did follow the law of the Gods, it did not stop Creon from punishing her for breaking his laws.Similarly, Creons hubris causes him to lose everything as well. Haemon had come to him saying that a good king listens to other peoples opinions and Doesnt believe that he exclusively can be good (iii. 74) ut he doesnt listen. Then Teiresias comes and tries to convince Creon to fix everything, for the Gods are angry and its his fault. He finally comes to his senses and tries to right his wrongs by mimicking a proper burial for Polynieces and freeing Antigone from her grave, but he is too late.Creon loses his entire family for Haemon kills himself in grief for Antigone and Eurydice takes her keep in grief for the tone ending of both her sons. Everything was waiver well in their lives until pride gets in the way and ruins the life they once had. Antigone and Creon had a pretty good life in the beginning, seeing as Antigone is etting unite and Creon is ruling as king of Thebes, but all that deteriorates once they are forced to face the consequences of their actions. Antigone is already that Polynieces isnt going to be interred and Eteocles is, makes it worse.She chooses to get gnarled and ends up with her making a noose of her fine linen veil/And hanging herself because shed rather die for what she believes in than what someone tells her to believe in (Exo. 59-60). She couldVe go forth it alone and let Polynieces rot in the field and go about her life to marry Haemon, yet she chooses to risk her life and when the time comes, accepts her death with honor. At the same time, Creon has similarly let his life go to waste because he already lost one son in the war, he saw another take his life in front of him and comes back home to find his wife had taken her life as well.All Creon wants to do is to die because his comfort lies here dead. mhatever his hands flummox touched has come to nothing (Exo. 136-137). Creon went from being King of Thebes, with a family at home, to Just Creon, who became a victim of the Gods and fate. Although he didnt die, he accepts the situation that he was too late to fix everything and asks to be led away, for his entire family is dead because of him. Most readers would immediately argue that Sophocles chose Antigone as the tragic hero since the story is called Tragedy of Antigone.Although this is true, tally to Greek terms of a tragic hero, Creon, to an extent, could also qualify as the tragic hero. Antigone and Creon had two different roles in this story, but in the end they are both the tragic hero because theyre responsible for their own fate, possess a tragic flaw and they fall from high esteem.Antigone vs. CreonIn the tragedy of Antigone by Sophocles, Antigone, the main protagonist, is conflicted whether or not to bury her dead brother and go against Creons law or follow Creons law. Creon is the main antagonist in this story and punis hes Antigone for breaking his law and burying Polynieces. Though they are two different characters, Creon and Antigone could both qualify as the tragic hero because they are both responsible for their own fate, endowed with a tragic flaw and falls from high esteem.In the story, Antigone and Creon are responsible for their own fate, seeing as its their actions that cause them to be a tragic hero. Antigone knows about Creons law not bury Polynieces, yet shed rather go against Creon than the Gods. She did what she thinks is correct but Creon is furious and sends her to a stone grave. Antigone knows what the consequences would be, her death is the doing of her own conscious hand (v. 46). She wouldnt be dead if she didnt bury Polynieces and follow Creons law.She chooses to go against him and that seals her fate. Creon, on the other hand, hooses to be stubborn and punish Antigone for breaking his crime. He couldnt bear to seem weak to the citizens of Thebes. It was Antigones punishment, i f she lives or dies/Thats her affair (v. 55-56). Even if it means sending his own, soon to be daughter in law, to her death. Creon let his pride control his actions and that causes him to lose his wife and his last son. Both, Antigone and Creon could avoid their tragic endings but their flaws cause their ultimate downfall.The tragic flaw endowed in both these characters is pride, one refusing to admit what she did was wrong and another refusing to listen to others. Antigone not only goes against Creons law but she boasts about it. She refuses to admit she is wrong, saying that Creons law is not Gods proclamation. That final Justice/ That rules the world below makes no such laws 57-58). She stands for what she believes in and that makes Creon angry. Though Antigone did follow the law of the Gods, it did not stop Creon from punishing her for breaking his laws.Similarly, Creons hubris causes him to lose everything too. Haemon had come to him saying that a good king listens to other peo ples opinions and Doesnt believe that he alone can be right (iii. 74) ut he doesnt listen. Then Teiresias comes and tries to convince Creon to fix everything, for the Gods are angry and its his fault. He finally comes to his senses and tries to right his wrongs by mimicking a proper burial for Polynieces and freeing Antigone from her grave, but he is too late.Creon loses his entire family for Haemon kills himself in grief for Antigone and Eurydice takes her life in grief for the loss of both her sons. Everything was going well in their lives until pride gets in the way and ruins the life they once had. Antigone and Creon had a pretty good life in the beginning, seeing as Antigone is etting married and Creon is ruling as king of Thebes, but all that deteriorates once they are forced to face the consequences of their actions. Antigone is already that Polynieces isnt going to be buried and Eteocles is, makes it worse.She chooses to get involved and ends up with her making a noose of he r fine linen veil/And hanging herself because shed rather die for what she believes in than what someone tells her to believe in (Exo. 59-60). She couldVe left it alone and let Polynieces rot in the field and go about her life to marry Haemon, yet she chooses to risk her life and when the time comes, accepts her death with honor. At the same time, Creon has also let his life go to waste because he already lost one son in the war, he saw another take his life in front of him and comes back home to find his wife had taken her life as well.All Creon wants to do is to die because his comfort lies here dead. mhatever his hands have touched has come to nothing (Exo. 136-137). Creon went from being King of Thebes, with a family at home, to Just Creon, who became a victim of the Gods and fate. Although he didnt die, he accepts the fact that he was too late to fix everything and asks to be led away, for his entire family is dead because of him. Most readers would immediately argue that Sopho cles chose Antigone as the tragic hero since the story is called Tragedy of Antigone.Although this is true, according to Greek terms of a tragic hero, Creon, to an extent, could also qualify as the tragic hero. Antigone and Creon had two different roles in this story, but in the end they are both the tragic hero because theyre responsible for their own fate, possess a tragic flaw and they fall from high esteem.

Genzyme Summary Essay

Genzyme was founded in 1981, Sanofi purchased the company in 2011. They went public in 1986, rise 27 million dollars. Genzyme startet as a start up Company by scientists studying genetically inherited enzyme diseases. Their strategy didnt focus on the blockbuster do drugss like different biotechnology companies barely drugs for grand diseases. To developing a drug, it takes 10-14 years at the cost of around 800 million. But the blockbuster drugs had 1 billion dollars revenue. Genzyme has received several honor awards like national medal of technology.The food and drug administration established in 1983 the Orphane drug act giving seven years commercialize exclusivity to developers of drugs for rare diseases. This gave Genzyme big advantage when it comes to clinical trials, advertising and sales, it does not requires a lot. Their first success was the Ceredase drug- to treat the Gauchers disease. It was sold to over 4000 patients, with annual revenue of 800 million dollars. They had different way of manufacturing and sales compare to other companies. They did not do licensing to large pharmaceutical company. Genzyme was the worlds third largest biotech company in 2006 only profiting of rare diseases. upbraiding of the case* Avoided blockbuster market and good managementGood strategic to focus on a niche market instead of the blockbuster market. The degree of existing rivalry and entry barriers was low. Henri Termeer took a adventure in moving to a start up company but with his experience and expertise, the company went stronger and independent.* prototypic ones to market and the exclusivityGenzyme entered a subtle, untapped market. Being the first biotech company that focus on rare diseases and having the market exclusivity made them leading biotech company. They had the ability to identify almost all customers. They had big advantage when is comes to clinical trials, restrictions, FDA and small numbers of test patients required.

Hewlett Packard Swot Analysis Essay

The Hewlett-Packard and Compaq optical fusion decision fictional character study provided many points inevitable in the visiting of why these twain companies would undergo a risky furrow contingency. Compaq was a go with that began success sufficienty with record setting financial statements, but in an attempt to expand its foodstuff, threatened companionship stability. With the acquisition of Tandem Computer and Digital Equipment Corporation, Compaq experienced f in all downd revenues resulting in their inability to fully recover. In a competitive information technology trade place, HP was one of the diligence leaders. Due to a disappointment to be proactive to commercialise changes, HP grew stagnant and looked to reinvent go with strategies through newly prescribed President/CEO Carly Fiorina.Competitive advantages for both HP and Compaq include imaginativeness and printing piece and naughty performance PC technology respectively. Managements reasons for the un iting included their assumption that together, HP and Compaq would be able to replicate and overtake competitors. Oppositions to the merger included a come in shargonholder interests, a reduction of steering for caller- give away core arguencies, and an unprofitable future. Several financial advisors and industry analysts were in proportionateness that the proposed merger would not be in the best interests of either ships company. Despite the uncertainties, information ga on that pointd and forecasts intercommunicate were in favor of the merger, which resulted in shareholder approval and the merger of Hewlett-Packard and Compaq Computer.SWOT AnalysisIn querying Hewlett-Packards contemporary company position, a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis was conducted. Strengths found include HPs strong market position internationally and on the domestic end, a successful produce throughout large acquisitions, and a considerable brand value. HP currentl y has a 28.6% market share in the United give tongue tos of the States while internationally they stand at 17.7%. As the current number one leader in PC sales, HP has a solid market position. Although the strengths are allowing HP to maintain market position, there are besides weaknesses present in all companies. Compared to different companies in the same industry, Hewlett-Packard lacks significant package product and management consulting serve. As a result, Hewlett-Packards weakness is its weak market segment integration. HP is able to answer consumer demand when it comes to PC technology and imaging and printing software, but they fall absolutely in the software product creation and consulting services to combine with their successful departments of PC technology and imaging and printing services.As Hewlett-Packard continues to grow and seek an increase in market position, opportunities surface. A spin-off of the PC technology business, entering the cloud figuring market, and expanding imaging and printing solutions portfolio are opportunities HP has going forward. In placing more(prenominal) emphasis on the PC technology aspect of the company, HP may find that this venture provide become as profitable as the imaging and printing department in the long-run. With the declaration of this spin-off, their share of US PC shipment increased from 25.4% to 28.9%. This positive reaction from consumers is an early indicator of likely success as a result of placing resources to build up the PC technology department. Cloud computing is a fairly new concept in which resources and software are delivered through a network, chiefly over the Internet. As this is market pronto growing in demand, HPs introduction of HP Cloud As certain is a great opportunity for future prosperity. With success comes opportunities of threats, and Hewlett-Packard is no exception.With throw offed decrease in information technology (IT) in the near future, an increase in demand for non PC devices, and competitors with more diversified portfolios, HPs threats are numerous. Industry analysts shed projected a decrease of IT in upcoming quarters which will decrease HPs profitability. HP has already witnessed a decrease in consumer spending during last quarters back-to-school spending. If analyst projections prove to be true, changes will quickly need to be make. As more and more consumers are entering the non PC device era, HP is losing a segment of the market with their inability to provide products for this demand. HPs more diversified competitors such(prenominal) as Dell and Samsung are able to easily capture the demand for these tablets.Future of the Company finished the case study, present-day SWOT analysis, and outside research conducted on Hewlett-Packard, the group has concluded that the company will keep on continuous, but unless strategies are implemented to answer more consumer demands, they may lose market share. modern CEO Meg Whitman has a techn ology visionary that will shift HPs focus to answering consumer demands. Her leaders capabilities and projections for company future are a desirable mix for a company to achieve sustainable future relevance. With the implementation of HP Cloud Assure, a new venture capitalizing on the growing consumer interest of cloud computing, HP is already adapting to answering the demands of consumers. As long as the company continues to anticipate and provide the products and services desired, sustainability will be maintained.Questions1. What are the strategic challenges that HP is facing?strategic challenges Cost- reduction initiatives that included difficult but necessary voluntary- severance programs and manufacturing consolidations. Unacceptably high expense harvest-feast contributed to a decline in earnings from operations and net earnings. HP had a weak macroeconomic environment and competitive price pressures that led to slumping sales. Management was unable to keep pace of the changi ng market conditions which were a key contributor. HP management failed to follow Dells lead in adopting a low- exist, Internet based direct sales occupation to offset its reliance on the retail channel. * Accelerating growth in existing businesses* Streamlining the existing decentralized operating model to fuel growth opportunities * Implementing a natural customer experience approach * Taking advantage of HPs strong balance rag and cash generation capability to fund new growth initiatives * Leveraging HPs market position* Creating e- services ecosystems and placing HP at the center2. Is the proposed merger likely to address these challenges? Benefits from the merger included personal systems, improved economics, and innovation. HP management believed that the combined company would obtain a lower cost social structure due to economies of scale. HP would also be able to leverage Compaqs progress in developing a direct sales channel, yielding a more flexible distribution model . complementary leadership in key markets Compaqs strength in industry standard servers, coupled with HPs Linus and UNIX offerings, would result in an industry- leading product line spanning the entire server category. By adding HPs strength in high- end storage, the combined company would be the industry leader in both the enterprise storage segment and the fastest growing sub-segment storage area networks.Doubling HPs sales force, the merger would allow HP to increase account coverage and better compete for important customer engagements around the world. IT Services Strengthened Business Provides Critical Mass in tombstone Growth Market- Management believed the merger would significantly strengthen HP and Compaqs combined services business for several reasons. Financial Benefits- As predicted the merger would yield $2.5 billion in annual cost deliver by mid-2004. Yes, we do believe the proposed merger is likely to address the challenges HP faces.3. How do you interpret the mark ets reaction to the proposal deal? We interpret the markets reaction to the proposed deal to be negative. Just two months of the nuclear fusion reaction announcement, HPs share price trailed the preannouncement level by 27%, representing a loss of $12.3 billion of market share value at the same time comparable to(predicate) companies increased 9.9%. 4. If you were a shareholder of HP, how would you vote on the deal? If we were shareholders of HP, we would vote a illuminatest the deal. It is obvious the company is losing a great deal of money at the same time other companies in the same industry are making money. The merger is not looking out for the best interest of the shareholders so we would not vote for the merger.SourcesBloomberg Businessweekhttp//www.businessweek.com/news/2011-10-12/hewlett-packard-gains-pc-market-share-after-mulling-spinoff.html CNN Moneyhttp//money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2005/02/07/8250437/index.htm http//money.cnn.com/2011/09/22/technol ogy/hp_ceo_fired/index.htm Hewlett-Packard Websitehttp//www.hp.com/hpinfo/newsroom/press/2009/090331xa.htmlHewlett-Packard Case StudyHewlett-Packard Compaq The Merger DecisionMarketing Researchhttp//www.marketingresearch.com/marketing/swot-analysis-hewlett-packardJennifer Brown SynopsisThe process of completing this assignment has helped me breach how to view business decisions in a more analytical way. When approaching this one it seemed overwhelming at first. I began pulling outside sources and background information that helped me gain a better understanding of the project at hand. That extra research was rattling useful in explaining what the companies were going through and giving unlike perspectives as to why. I was able to apply what I lay down learned in my accounting classes when the case study and articles referred to financial ratios and provided financial reports. That was helpful when trying to answer the questions assigned. Working with a group was also beneficial because there were several times my group members made great points that I may have missed working alone.Our group has met several times since the project has been assigned. I have been present at each meeting. Before we met the first time we patch upd we would read the case study in full to have an understanding of what we would need to do. Our first meeting we discussed the case study and our stance on what HP should do. We also discussed the questions within the case study and started our outline for our power point. Outside of the meeting I researched articles to gain background information. Our group had several more meetings at which we outlined our strategy report and assigned each person a portion of the report. When we were finished with our portion we would submit it to the rest of the group for proofreading. E trulybody completed their labor movement as set and we came together as a group and finalized the report. I, as well as the other members of the group, contribute d to the makeup and layout of both the strategy report and the power point.Charnele Hodge Synopsis world that this has been my first time in a group doing a strategy report on a company, I took away a few key elements. I have learned, understood, and properly used the purpose of a SWOT Analysis. I know this form of analysis will be used in my future endeavors, so I know it will be very beneficial to me. Also, I learned while in a group setting how to effectively achieve a SWOT Analysis to inform and persuade others to understand and see our point-of-view on our particular position. As a Business Management major, this group project has helped me fool that in not any group setting, that there needs to be a set leader. In my group, I felt that everyone meshed well with each other and there was not a constant need for slightlyone to be in charge. Every group member knew what was at stake and that being at meetings and pulling her part in the group was essential.My individual contri bution to the group was making sure that I gave my opinion on the different positions that we would be taking on the SWOT Analysis. I made it my individual objective to make sure that I pulled my part in completing each and every task that I volunteered to work on, that it was done properly, as well as completed on time. Being a Business Management major, I believe I helped bring balance among my other peers that are majoring in different genres in the college of business. I took a more realistic, rational approach to the group, in who would be better fit for particular objectives.Sakina Middleton SynopsisConducting a strategy report required using resources from all aspects of my undergraduate studies. I was able to read the Hewlett-Packard and Compaq merger decision and understand the different aspects used to compose the information. In utilizing marketing concepts, I was able to conduct a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis of Hewlett-Packards pres ent company structure. My management background allowed for an understanding of company decisions made, such as whether to undergo a merger. Finally, the accounting acquaintance I have acquired thus far has enabled me to read and comprehend the many financial statements used to decide which options should be made based on the factual numbers provided. Overall, my primary takeaway was my ability to read, comprehend, and psychoanalyse a case study regarding two group meeting companies with the knowledge and education provided by Savannah State Universitys College of Business Administration.Throughout this project I was able to increase my ability to problem lap up in a group of my colleagues. No one group is perfect, but the communication skills I have acquired allowed me to handle all situations appropriately and in a timely fashion. For this strategy report, I was responsible for position all group meetings regarding the collection and accumulation of information for the paper. I was the initiator of correspondence and also the channel of delivery for every members designated portion of the paper. My personal contribution includes the compilation on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the present-day company Hewlett-Packard. I was also responsible for the editing of the final paper.Summer Wilcox SynopsisIn exhibit 2002, Hewlett- Packards current CEO and president, Carleton Firiona announced the acquiring of HPs rival company, Compaq Computer. The merging of the two companies was designed to put Hewlett- Packard/Compaq in a position to challenge one of its top leaders in the industry, IBM. The merger was also designed to create a global technology powerhouse that would provide consumers with products and services demanded by profitable enterprise customers.After reading over the case, I started to feel like the merger was not going to be a success. The merger presented itself to be too risky. Although Hewlett Packard was aiming to beco me the industrys leader by expanding into new markets, the idea of the merger just didnt seem to look out for the best interest of the company. Management felt that HP and Compaq needed to improve their whole business structure to effectively compete with Dell which was the industrys leader. They also felt that HP and Compaqs leadership would complement each other in key markets such as the enterprise storage segment and storage area networks, and by having a broader portfolio of products and services. Management believed that HP and Compaq had a weak combination of products and services, and merging would strengthen that area.While some thought that the merger would be a success to Hewlett- Packard, there were some who were against it. Among those few were the director and son of HP cofounder William Hewlett, Walter Hewlett. Walter Hewlett was HPs second largest shareholder and had a very powerful, important voting privilege of HP. Walter was against the merger for 4 main reasons. He felt the proposed merger would be worse, the integration risk of the proposed merger would be substantial, the financial impact on HPs stockholders would remain negative, and the position of the company would not improve.I agree with opposing the merger of HP and Compaq. They knew from the beginning stages that the merger was going to be risky. Shareholders would lose and ample amount of value on their shares. Stockholders would get a very small amount of the combined companys contribution to earnings. The merger would drown the stockholders interest in the imaging and printing business which is the most profitable of HP already. The merger would not improve the position of the company. Furthermore, HP had no experience with handling a merger of that size. All HP had to do was invest and focus more on the printing and imaging part of the company. The printing and imaging varied in low-end printers and supplies to commercial printing solutions. Instead of taking such a risky acqui sition, they could have focused on something that proved already successful for the business.My contribution to the overall strategy report was to research where HP stands now. I also found official documents filed by both HP and Compaq to the SEC astir(predicate) the planned merger. The documents further explained forward- looking statements, assumptions, uncertainties, and risk of the planned merger between the two companies.

Second Foundation 22. The Answer that was True

An unlocated room on an unlocated domainAnd a man whose visualize had worked.The initial utterer looked up at the school-age child, Fifty hands and women, he said. Fifty martyrs They knew it meant death or permanent imprisonment and they could not even be oriented to hold on weakening since orientation business leader induce been detected. Yet they did not weaken. They brought the plan through, beca work they loved the greater Plan. might they have been fewer? asked the Student, doubtfully.The prototypal vocaliser slowly shook his head, It was the lower limit. Less could not by chance have carried conviction. In fact, pure objectivism would have demanded seventy-five to leave margin for error. Never mind. Have you analyze the course of action as worked out by the Speakers Council 15 years ago?Yes, Speaker.And comp atomic number 18d it with actual developments?Yes, Speaker. Then, afterward a pause-I was quite amazed, Speaker.I know. at that place is always amazement. I f you knew how many men labored for how many months years, in fact to charter about the polish of perfection, you would be less amazed. Now tell me what happened in words. I wish your translation of the mathematics.Yes, Speaker. The young man marshaled his thoughts. Essenti tot totallyyy, it was necessary for the men of the First Foundation to be thoroughly convinced that they had located and destroyed the Second Foundation. In that way, there would be reversion to the mean original. To all intents, Terminus would once again know nothing about us include us in none of their calculations. We are hidden once more, and safe at the cost of fifty men.And the pop the question of the Kalganian war?To show the Foundation that they could beat a physical enemy to wipe out the revile done to their self-esteem and self-assuredness by the Mule.There you are insufficient in your analysis. Remember, the population of Terminus regarded us with distinct ambivalence. They hated and envied our supposed superiority yet they relied on us implicitly for protection. If we had been destroyed before the Kalganian war, it would have meant panic throughout the Foundation. They would thence never have had the courage to stand up against Stettin, when he then attacked and he would have. Only in the full flush of victory could the destruction have taken place with token(prenominal) ill-effects. Even waiting a year, thereafter, might have meant a too-great cooling off spirit for success.The Student nodded. I see. Then the course of history ordain proceed without deviation in the direction indicated by the Plan.Unless, layered out the First Speaker, further accidents, unforeseen and individual, occur.And for that, said the Student, we still exist. Except- Except- One facet of the present differentiate of affairs worries me, Speaker. The First Foundation is remaining with the Mind Static device a powerful subdivision against us. That, at least, is not as it was before.A good point. But they have no one to use it against. It has become a sterile device just as without the spur of our own menace against them, encephalographic analysis will become a sterile science. Other varieties of knowledge will once again bring more important and immediate returns. So this first generation of mental scientists among the First Foundation will also be the last and, in a century, Mind Static will be a nearly forgotten item of the past.Well- The Student was calculating mentally. I suppose youre right.But what I want you most to realize, young man, for the sake of your future in the Council is the consideration given to the tiny intermeshings that were forced into our plan of the last decade and a half simply because we dealt with individuals. There was the manner in which Anthor had to create misgiving against himself in such a way that it would mature at the right time, only when that was relatively simple.There was the manner in which the atmosphere was so manipulat ed that to no one on Terminus would it occur, prematurely, that Terminus itself might be the center they were seeking. That knowledge had to be supplied to the young girl, Arcadia, who would be heeded by no one but her own father. She had to be sent to Trantor, thereafter, to make certain that there would be no premature get to with her father. Those two were the two poles of a hyperatomic motor each being inactive without the other. And the switch had to be thrown and twisted contact had to be make at just the right moment. I saw to thatAnd the final combat had to be handled properly. The Foundations fleet had to be soaked in self-confidence, while the fleet of Kalgan made ready to run. I saw to that, alsoSaid the Student, It seems to me, Speaker, that you I mean, all of us were counting on Dr. Darell not suspecting that Arcadia was our tool. harmonize to my check on the calculations, there was something like a thirty percent probability that he would so suspect. What would hav e happened then?We had taken care of that. What have you been taught about Tamper Plateaus? What are they? Certainly not evidence of the introduction of an emotional bias. That can be done without any chance of possible spotting by the most refined conceivable encephalographic analysis. A consequence of Lefferts Theorem, you know. It is the removal, the cutting-out, of previous emotional bias, that shows. It must show.And, of course, Anthor made certain that Darell knew all about Tamper Plateaus.However- When can an individual be placed under mastery without showing it? Where there is no previous emotional bias to remove. In other words, when the individual is a new-born infant with a blank slate of a mind. Arcadia Darell was such an infant here on Trantor fifteen years ago, when the first line was drawn into the structure of the plan. She will never know that she has been Controlled, and will be all the better for it, since her Control involved the development of a precocious and intelligent personality.The First Speaker laughed shortly, In a sense, it is the irony of it all that is most amazing. For four hundred years, so many men have been blinded by Seldons words the other end of the Galaxy. They have brought their own peculiar, physical-science thought to the problem, amount off the other end with protractors and rulers, ending up eventually either at a point in the periphery one hundred eighty degrees around the rim of the Galaxy, or back at the original point.Yet our very greatest danger lay in the fact that there was a possible root word based on physical modes of thought. The Galaxy, you know, is not simply a flat oval of any sort nor is the periphery a closed curve. Actually, it is a double spiral, with at least eighty percent of the inhabited planets on the Main Arm. Terminus is the extreme outer end of the spiral arm, and we are at the other since, what is the face-to-face end of a spiral? Why, the center.But that is trifling. It is an accid ental and irrelevant solution. The solution could have been reached immediately, if the questioners had but remembered that Hari Seldon was a friendly scientist not a physical scientist and adjusted their thought processes accordingly. What could opposite ends mean to a social scientist? Opposite ends on the map? Of course not. Thats the mechanical interpretation only.The First Foundation was at the periphery, where the original Empire was weakest, where its civilizing influence was least, where its wealth and burnish were most nearly absent. And where is the social opposite end of the Galaxy? Why, at the place where the original Empire was strongest, where its civilizing influence was most, where its wealth and culture were most strongly present.Here At the center At Trantor, capital of the Empire of Seldons time.And it is so inevitable. Hari Seldon left the Second Foundation behind him to maintain, improve, and extend his work That has been cognize, or guessed at, for fifty yea rs. But where could that best be done? At Trantor, where Seldons group had worked, and where the data of decades had been accumulated. And it was the purpose of the Second Foundation to protect the Plan against enemies. That, too, was known And where was the source of greatest danger to Terminus and the Plan?Here Here at Trantor, where the Empire end though it was, could, for three centuries, still destroy the Foundation, if it could only have decided to do so.Then when Trantor discharge and was sacked and utterly destroyed, a short century ago, we were naturally able to protect our headquarters, and, on all the planet, the Imperial Library and the grounds about it remained untouched. This was well-known to the Galaxy, but even that apparently overwhelming mesmerism passed them by.It was here at Trantor that Ebling Mis discovered us and here that we saw to it that he did not survive the discovery. To do so, it was necessary to arrange to have a normal Foundation girl defeat the t remendous sportsman powers of the Mule. Surely, such a phenomenon might have attracted suspicion to the planet on which it happened- It was here that we first analyse the Mule and planned his ultimate defeat. It was here that Arcadia was born and the train of events begun that led to the great return to the Seldon Plan.And all those flaws in our secrecy those gaping holes remained unnoticed because Seldon had spoken of the other end in his way, and they had interpreted it in their way.The First Speaker had long since stopped speaking to the Student. It was an exposition to himself, really, as he stood before the window, looking up at the incredible blaze of the firmament, at the huge Galaxy that was now safe forever.Hari Seldon called Trantor, Stars End, he whispered, and why not that bit of poetic imagery. All the universe was once guided from this rock all the forestage strings of the stars led here. All roads lead to Trantor, says the old proverb, and that is where all stars end . Ten months earlier, the First Speaker had viewed those same crowding stars nowhere as crowded as at the center of that huge caboodle of matter Man calls the Galaxy with misgivings but now there was a somber satisfaction on the round and ruddy face of Preem Palver First Speaker.1 All quotations from the Encyclopedia Galactica here reproduced are taken from the 116th var. published in 1020 F.E. by the Encyclopedia Galactica Publishing Co., Terminus, with permission of the publishers.

Geopolitics and globalization Essay

Geopolitics is a field of study that is trusty for analyzing history, geography and kind experience with a special reference to spatial politics finished patterns of mixed scales, ranging from state to worldwide levels. It gives a critical examination of sparing and political issues in relation geographical frontiers. In this context, geography is defined in terms of function, size, location and relationship of resources and places. Traditionally, geopolitics indicates causal relationships and links betwixt geographic space and political power.It is seen as a concrete line of thought drug abused to try specific and strategic prescriptions that lay their basis on the relative significance of sea power and prop up power in the history of the world (Gearnoid, 1998, pp. 33). The consistent concerns of the geopolitical tradition included the relationships between globular and naval capabilities, the identification of international core argonas and the geopolitical correlates of power in the world of politics.Geopolitics were conducted through a geopolitical placement, that was seen as an ensemble of relations between the interests focused to an area, international political factors, ways, geographical elements and space. Geopolitics is a branch of political geography concerning the assessment of reciprocal relations between politics, geography and power as strong as the interactions that arise from their combination. It is therefore a scientific discipline with a basic science nature (Klauds, 2000, pp.12). Radically, contemporally use of geopolitics deviates from the original use in the 19th light speed. Originally, geopolitics served as a reflection of international affairs under a strong influence by social Darwinism. Under this, there was a limited significance of international law, global norms and multilateralism all of which signaled realist view of international affairs cynically. The concept presently denotes interplay of geographic space, s trategic dominance and natural resources.In connection to earlier usage of the term, its growing use brings on board the need to reflect on the rise of multipolarity in the early 21st century and the renaissance of great power rivalry (Neil, 2005, pp. 23). As the world is changing, there has been great pressure upon tralatitious or old systems of societal governance and operation. This has been a movement towards globalisation, a state where different social setups, economies, technocrats and political affiliates interact, share ideas, problems, challenges and experiences. A globalized society understands, anticipates and advocates for freedom and rights.Globalization encompasses the preaching of rights, justice, freedom, and peace continued offer of masses and majority rule to citizens in promoting their own morality related believes. Through interaction, global federation has become one society with commonalities in political, social, economic, cultural and technological syste mal beacons. Through the process, ideologies of some communities induct been conglutination towards the same point in both material and non material concerns of life. This change has influenced the original interpretation and applicability of geopolitics limiting the mathematical function it initially played (Ag stark naked, 2003, pp.45). Globalization is therefore premier buzzwords in 21st century, referring to a world which is stretched, interdependent, integrated, shrunk, interwoven, connected and less territorially segmented into various cultural and economic zones. Due to the higher up description, it is seen as shorthand towards economic liberalism spontaneously adopted by governments of the world, as a social modernisation scaled up from national to whole world status with time and also as an economic technological process through the compression of time and space, highly challenging geopolitics (Gearnoid, 1998, pp. 34).Since globalization and geopolitics aspects show any(prenominal) degree of compatibility regardless of the time factor, globalization is of late seen to replace geopolitics. Geopolitics was seen as an issue concerning great powers and empires noble territorial control to various boundaries whereas globalization is a world that knows no boundaries. This means that globalization has geopolitical roots. Globalization represents a stark break of the geopolitics of the rimy war (Brunn, 2004, pp. 20). The free world economy was started during the cold war, through the mantra of the new globalizing economy.Globalization has initiated a new regime of market access through a revolutionary process by international organizations including WTO, GATT, World Bank and IMF. These institutions have aided in departing from geopolitics through enforcement of radical economic liberalism. As a result a new economic geography has emerged, characterized by tension towards continued regulation of economic activities and a world economy with organized f low of goods and heavy(p) in locations that are widely scattered. Therefore as geopolitics decay in the current society, there is profound aspiration towards a higher level of global economic development.(http//www. informationclearinghouse. info/article11747. htm) Through globalization, the geographical logic of the world has changed by addressing the disparities between the territorial and interactional modes of capitalism organization. Globalization does not only ruffle geopolitics in its nature of globality, besides through the combination of global networks and localized territorial fragmentation. Geopolitics era incorporate the world economy into territorial entities such as colonial empires, states and geopolitical spheres of influence (Greer, 2000, pp. 30).In some other perspective, globalization is not seen to mark the end of geopolitics but reform it. The main novelty today is the authority of economic prosperity, underdevelopment of cross-border flows, networks li nking nation to hinderlands and the increased differentiations between regions and localities because of the existing biases along the spatial channel. This clearly shows that globalization has no marked the end of geopolitics, but entails its reformulation from an economic mapping based on territories to a more(prenominal) interlinking mosaic of states, localities, global city regions and regions differentially integrated into the global economy.This means there exists geopolitics of contemporally globalization concerning the working(a) and originality structure. To indicate that globalization has not marked the end of geopolitics, social and political boundaries have not disappeared but are in a process of reconstitution along and across long established ones (Larrabee, 2003, pp. 12). Geopolitics was hegemonic in nature. For many years, geopolitics has been known to limit political and economic influence of many countries through dividing the world into territorial empires and avocation blocs.The limitation was facilitated through enactment and enforcement of powerful strains to minimize the submitment in political affairs and unusual economic affairs. Geopolitics was highly supported by the autarkic dogmas of soviet communism and competitive trading blocs which were partly blamed for the great depressions of the 1930s. After the Second World War, a strong internationalist the Statesn agenda was brought in to counterpoint the effects of the communistic societies by sponsoring international investments, currency convertibility and free trade.This effort towards a free world order provided the groundwork to internationalization of global activities. According to this explanation, we can say that geopolitics primed(p) down the groundwork to globalization. On the other hand, Globalization can thus be said to be a kind of geopolitics that has undergone transition within time and spatial dimensions (Heymann, 2005, pp. 67). Twentieth century economic global ization has been linked to two issues that indicate the linkage between geopolitics and globalization.These issues were both political and economic because they aimed at promoting as realization of continental refinement and later to global expansion in political, economic and social spheres. First, expansion of market was viewed as a necessity towards social well being and national political well being. Second, economic liberty or independence was viewed as the foundation for freedom per se. these views opened a new page as far as geopolitics is concerned (Buqajski, 2002, pp. 43). Early in the 21st century the States underwrote continental expansion but stimulated foreign market for their commodities.However, the power of the government to control privy economic activities was limited by federal subunits and the divisions of power between the branches of federal government. Such branches included the congress, the presidentship and the Supreme Court. This system depicts how firm and conservative geopolitics was. On the other hand it shows how globalization was challenged by the system of governance before starting to grow. Globalization was experiencing a pull apart scenario from tiers of government and federal branches. peck the years, the country and other several nations have extended their powers beyond continental to global frontiers. This means the role of geopolitics in modeling the system of governance is decreasing with time, but it shall not bet forgotten that it serves as the bottom line for change, the change being renamed as the globalization (Herd, 2002, pp. 65). For globalization to be completely explored, it is requirement to assess the role played by geopolitics in its structuring. This is because of the commonalities the two concepts have. Such process will involve comparison between hegemonic power against democracy or devolution.The regime makers in this changing world happen the speed, scope and nature of globalization, regarding how far they are free from geopolitics. The roots of geopolitics indicate the reforms in markets, concentration of political and economic power and hegemony (http//www. informationclearinghouse. info/article11747. htm). To show the current scenarios in issues of globalization and geopolitics, many media commenter, IPE scholars and policy makers comment de territorial threats from heart and soul East on the failure to adjust and embrace globalization.This has forced United States of America to use force and bring Middle East to globalization through a slogan that disconnection defines a danger. The Middle East is claimed to lie centrally to a vast region that is disconnected to global flow of security, capital and people to sustain mutually assured dependence. Americans have claimed to be fighting geopolitics in the Middle East region. It is said that geopolitical imaginary in the Middle East is blind towards networks of transnational mobility across the region. The study and conside ration of geopolitics in the region gives the micro foundations of globalization in the area.It is also widely believed that the rate of globalization is inversely related to extend of geopolitics (Gearnoid, 1998, pp. 35). Areas with high rate of geopolitics are thought to have low rates of globalization and vice versa, but none completely outdoes the other. This means both concepts are important for the involved elements around the globe to intermingle efficiently. This is built on pluralistic theory of globalization, stating that transnational processes and diverse global processes are heterogeneously shaped by agents and networks of alternative geopolitical imaginaries (Agnew, 2006, pp.16). Specifically the way to globalization can be evaluated by considering the geopolitics of touristry since 2001 in the Middle East region. As opposed to many, tourism has significantly developed since then. Public and private sectors in tourism that initially focused on tourism from industriali zed nations have redirected their efforts towards both domestic and regional tourist flow paving way to new, more regional and stylish tourist development.Today, new and emerging forms of regional Islamic tourism and Arabic tourism, propelled by oil income expansion and consumer behavior shifts have remapped globalization meaning in the region. Firms, states and various actors across Middle East are seeking negotiation on own interaction with global economy, promising to allege manipulation of their local spaces and territory and therefore define their itineraries of globalization (Klauds, 2000, pp. 19).